Motor.



N5. 669,234. Patented Mar. 5, |901.

J. T. FUHRMANN 8|. E. NELSON.

HUTOR.

('pplicnion led In. 5, 1900.)

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UNiTnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN T. FUHR'MANN AND ERlCK NELSON, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.

669,234, dated March 5, 1901.

Application filed March 5, 1900. Serial No. 7,413. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN T. FUHRMANN and ERICK NELSON, citizens of the United States, residing at St. Paul, in the county oi' Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam or Pneumatic Motors, ot which the following is a specitication.

This invention relates to motors adapted to be operated by steam or compressed air; and it consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter shown and described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation. Fig. Z-is a front elevation. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of one side of the trame on the line U 'v of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-section of one side on the line w fw of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a detached sectional detail of the mechanism for actuating and reversing the valve. Fig. 6 is a side view of the valve detached, showing the reversing mechanism and one side of the valve. Fig. 7,is a side View of the valve from the opposite side of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a side view of the valve at right angles to that shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a cross-section of the valve on the line .fr of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a cross-section of the valve on the line z z of Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a cross-section of the valve on the line y y of Fig. 8. Fig. 12 is a cross-section on the line u u of Fig. 7, and Fig. 13 is a cross-section on the line t t of Fig. 7. Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail of one end of the valve, illustrating the construction of the balancing-groove and its inlet. Fig. l5 is a cross-section on the line s s of Fig. 14.

A A2 represent the frame on which the apparatus is supported, and which is formed in two parts united by cross-braces A3 A4 and provided with a main shaft B', having a crank B2 and crank face-plate B3 and connected to be actuated by connecting-rods B4 B5, pistonrods B5 B7, and pistons B8 B9, Working in cylinders B10 B11, as shown, the cylinders having ports a' a2 a3 a4 in their adjacent sides, as shown. The two cylinders are both cast in4 one piece with a central circular valve-chamber, in which a circular sleeve D' is fitted and adapted to be oscillated vertically. The sleeve D' is formed to project some distance below the lower ends of the cylinders, as shown at D5, to form a hand-grip, the projection also providing for the oscillation ot the sleeve, as hereinafter explained. The lower portions of the side frames A A2 are forked, A(is-shown in Fig. 2, and embrace the sides of the cylinders, Vto which they are connected by wings or ribs, as shown at B12 B13. The sleeve D is provided with ports b' b2 b3 b4, so set as not to come opposite each other, as shown in Fig. l.

The crank B and face-plate Bzare arranged quai-tering, as shown, so that the engine will not get on the center.

The valve is of the rotative form and consists of a tube E', provided with four channels d d2 cl3 d4 at intervals around its surface, the rings d5 d (Z7 ds, formed by the channels, and the lands or body portions dg d10, above and below the end channels, forming the bearing-surface of the valve, which lits steam-tight within the sleeve D'. On opposite sides of the tubular valve between the ring d5 and land C19 are formed bridges d du across the channel d, and similarly across the channel cl2 are formed bridges C113 d, but in reversed position or quartering to the bridges du d. Similarly across the channels (i3 d4 are formed bridges d15 dw and d dls, the bridges 61.15 d1 being reversed from or quartering to the bridges du d. Thus the bridges d d come in line perpendicularly and the bridges d12 dw come in line perpendicularly, while the bridges dm (118 come in line perpendicular-ly and the bridges Z13 d come in line perpendicnlarly, but reversely to the bridges ol14 CX18. Channels dlg d20 are cu't through the rings d5 d6, as shown in Fig. 7, While similar channels d21 d,22 are likewise cut through the rings C17 d8, as shown in Fig. 6, so as to provide channels for the air or steam to reach the ports b b2 b3 b4 and a' a2 a3 a4.

The port b in the sleeve D' comes opposite the channels d2, formed by the rings (Z5 d, the port b2 comes opposite the channel d4, formed by the rings d8 and land d10, the port b3 comes opposite the channel d', formed by the ring d5 and land dg, while the port b4 comes opposite the channel cl3, formed by the rings cF d8, as shown.

Above the uppermost channel CZ is formed a half-channel cl2, encircling one-half the valve E' and connected to the channel d' by IOO 'valve and prevent unequal wear.

a vent cZ28, so that steam or compressed air will be admitted to the half-channel d2 to create a back pressure therein against the walls of the valve to counteract the pressure exerted upon the opposite side of the valve, and thus balance7 the upper end of the A similaihalf-chau nel (Z22 is arranged below the lowermost channel Z4 on the reversed side of the valve and provided with a vent CZ22, communicating with the adjacent channel d4 to admit steam or compressed air to the half-channel cZ27 to balance the lower end of the valve in the same manner. By this means the valve E is uniformly balanced and unequal wear prevented.

Means are provided for reversing the motion of the motor by reversing the position of the valve E, whereby the position of the bridges is reversed and the direction of the entering air or steam correspondingly reversed. The mechanism for accomplishing this reversing is shown in Figs. l, 5, and 6. The valve-stem is formed in two paris E2 E4, with the abutting endsinclosed byasleeve D2, as shown, the sleeve slidable loosely upon the two-part stem. The upper section E4 ofthe Valve-stem is provided with a slot e2, through which a pin e2 in the sleeve D2 tits, so that while the sleeve is left free to slide upon the two-part stem the upper section D2 will revolve with the sleeve. The lower section E8 of the valve-stem is provided with a diagonal groove e', into which pins in the sleeve D2 iit, as shown in Fig. 5. The sleeve D2 is provided with ribs D2, between which a collar Di fits loosely. The collar D6 is provided with lateral studs, with which a forked lever D4 engages, the movement of the lever, as will be readily understood, serving to move the sleeve D2 upward and downward upon the two-part stem E3 E4.

This movement of the sleeve D2 does not affeet the upper section E4 of the valve-stem, as the pin e3 merely runs in the straight slot e2, but turns the lower section E3 one-half around by the action of the pins e4 in the diagonal slots e in the lower valve-stem section E2, and thus reverses the position of the valve, and thus reverses the direction of the steam or compressed air entering the cylinders and correspondingly reverses the motor. The valve E is extended, as shown at E7, and provided at the extremity of the extension with a hand-wheel E8, by which it may be actuated, if desired, when the reversing mechanism is not in use, the hand-wheel coming below the end of the hand-grip D5, as shown.

The exhaustports are shown at Z22 CZ23 Z22 CZ25, leading from the channels formed by the rings d5 d didi and lands CZ9 d10 into the interior of the valve EQ and thence to the open air at E2.

The steam or compressed air is introduced into the central space, as indicated at ES in Fig. 2, between the rings cZcZ7 and maintains a constant pressure at that point, and leads from thence to the ports through the cuts cZ19 d20 d21 Z22 and the channels formed by the rings Z5 cZ'cZ7 (Z2 and lands Z9 d10, as before stated. As the valve E' revolves the steam or air is alternately admitted to and cutoff from the ends of the cylinders alternately through the ports b' b2 b2 b4, the bridges CZ CZ12 (Z13 CZ14 CZ15 Zw d" rZ1S forming the means for cutting off the steam or air and providing for the eX- haust.

The shaft B may he connected to any driving mechanism to be employed for any desired purpose, and for the purpose of illustration we have shown itin the drawings connected through gears G G2 G3 G4 to drive a shaft G5, to which a drill or other implement may be connected. The outer end of the shaft G5 is provided with a socket G, and the inner end of the shaft is reduced in size and tirs into a sleeve H the latter screw-threaded in its exterior and titting into a screwthreaded collar H2 on the side A' of the frame, the sleeve H' being further supported by jamnuts H? H4, as shown. The drive-shaft G5 is formed with a slot 1,' entirely through it across the inner socket GG to provide for the insertion of a driftbolt or wedge to force the buttend of the drill or other tool held in the socket free from the socket when the tool is to be removed. In the bottom of the sleeve H is a bearing-plate H5, against which the inner end of the reduced inner end of the shaft G5 runs, antifriction-balls HG being interposed between the end of the shaft and the plate, as shown, to reduce the friction to a minimum. A feed screw K is tapped through the rear of the sleeve H and projects through the shaft G5 to the socket G6, as shown. The screw K' is shown provided with hand-levers K2, by which it may be actuated. The extreme outer point of the screw K will be pointed, as at K2, to provide for its use against a back center when required to support the drilll By this simple arrangement means are providedfor feeding the drill, together with the framework and its attachments, to the work.

The device may be employed with one cylinder, if preferred. The motor may be likewise reversed by turning the sleeve D onehalf around, and by turning it one-fourth around the blind parts of the sleeve will be brought opposite the ports Z9 b2 b2 b4, and thus cut off the steam or air entirely. The sleeve D' can thus be used to reverse the engine or as a throttle to govern the supply of steam or air.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new isl. In a steam or pneumatic motor, two cylinders having pistons and piston-rods, and connected to impart motion and with ports at each end through their adjacent sides, a casing inclosinga circular cavity between said cylinders, a circular hollow valve fitting said cavity and with encircling channels and cutoff bridges and exhaust-cavities connecting said channels, exhaust-ports leading into the interior of said valve through said channels,

IOO

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a channel encircling one-half of said valve above the uppermost'channel on one side and a channel encircling one-half of the reverse side of said valve below, the lowermost channel, and -vents connecting each of said halfchannels with the adjacent whole channel, whereby the valve is balanced, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a steam or pneumatic motor, a cylinderhaving inlet-ports and with a piston and piston-rod connected to actuate a shaft, a tubular sleeve having ports registering with the ports in said cylinder, a circular valve fitting said sleeve and having channels and with cross-bridges in said channels, exhaust-ports leading into the interior of said valve through said channels, and means for revolving said valve, and means for oscillating said sleeve to cut off the steam or air or to reverse the engine, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a steam or pneumatic motor, two cylinders having pistons and piston-rods, and connected to impart motion and with ports at each end through their adjacent sides, a casing inclosing a circular cavity between said cylinders, a sleeve fitting said cavity and extended below said cylinders to form a gripping-handle and adapted to be oscillated and provided with ports alternately registering with the ports in said cylinders, a circular hollow valve'within said sleeve and having encircling channels and cut-off bridges and exhaust-cavities, connecting said channels, exhaust-ports leading into the interior of said valve from said channels, and means for continuously revolving said valve simultaneously with the motion of said piston and piston-rods, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN T. FUHRMANN. ERIOK NELSON. In presence of- C. N. WooDwARD, A. LINDAHL. 

